Mental Health Counselor
351

Mental Health Counselors

About the specialist

Ο Νικηφόρος Κωνσταντίνος Ph.D, MBPsS είναι Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας - Ψυχοθεραπευτής, Ψυχοδυναμικής προσέγγισης και διατηρεί ιδιωτικά γραφεία στο Μοσχάτο (Πλησίον ΗΣΑΠ Καλλιθέας) και τη Βούλα. Είναι μέλος της Αμερικανικής Ενωσης Ψυχολόγων APA (American Psychological Association) και του Βρετανικού Συλλόγου Ψυχολόγων BPS (British Psychological Society). Διαθέτει Διδακτορικό τίτλο στις Κοινωνικές Επιστήμες από το Πανεπιστήμιο Παρισίων, μεταπτυχιακό τίτλο (MSc) στη Συμβουλευτική Ψυχολογία και Ψυχοθεραπεία από το Deree/American College of Greece και μεταπτυχιακό τίτλο (M.A.) στην Πολιτική Οικονομία και στις Κοινωνικές Δομές από το New School for Social Research στη Νέα Υόρκη. Έχει εξειδικευτεί στη διαχείριση άγχους, θυμού και συγκρούσεων, την αναζήτηση ταυτότητας και αυτοεκτίμησης και τη λύση προβλημάτων στις διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις (οικογένεια, εργασιακό περιβάλλον, προσωπικές σχέσεις). Εχει κάνει έρευνα πάνω στη διαχείριση της διαφορετικότητας και της δυσφορίας φύλου, καθώς και τη συνεισφορά της φωτογραφικής απεικόνισης στο ψυχοθεραπευτικό πλαίσιο και τη νοηματοδότηση της υποκειμενικότητας. Επιπλέον έχει εκπαιδευθεί στη Θεωρία Εικόνας και Ψυχολογίας του Ατόμου, στο Parsons School of Design, στο Παρίσι καθώς και στη χορήγηση των Προβολικών Τεστ Προσωπικότητας και Συναισθηματικής Λειτουργίας Rorschach & Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) της Σχολής του Παρισιού στο ΙΨΥΠΕ / Ινστιτούτο Ψυχικής Υγείας Παιδιών και Ενηλίκων. Η κλινική εμπειρία του στο χώρο της ψυχοπαθολογίας πέραν της ιδιωτικής ψυχοθεραπευτικής πρακτικής προέρχεται από την πρακτική ατομικών συνεδριών Συμβουλευτικής Ψυχολογίας στο Συμβουλευτικό Κέντρο του Αμερικανικού Κολλεγίου Αθηνών καθώς και στα Δημοτικά Ιατρεία του Δήμου Αθηναίων. Παρακολουθεί επίσης επιλεγμένα πιστοποιημένα σεμινάρια και εκπαιδεύσεις στα πλαίσια της συνεχούς επιστημονικής κατάρτισης και συμμετέχει με παρουσιάσεις σε διεθνή ερευνητικά συνέδρια ψυχολογίας και ψυχοθεραπείας. Πραγματοποιεί συνεδρίες στα Ελληνικά, στα Αγγλικά και στα Γαλλικά.

Spetson 116A, 16673, Voula, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Tzouliadaki Terpsixori is a Systemic Psychotherapist & Mental Health Counselor, maintaining a private practice in Heraklion, Crete. She has three years of training in Mental Health Counseling (COSCA - Counselling & Psychotherapy in Scotland, Napier University) and four years of training in Systemic Psychotherapy at the Systemic Thinking and Training Laboratory. She is a member of the European Family Therapy Association. She has performed voluntary work at the “Euzo with Cancer” association, providing family and individual psychotherapy to cancer patients and their families (2016-2018), and completed an internship at the Association of Women’s Organizations of Heraklion - an organization for the protection of women's and children's rights (2015). Finally, she actively participates in conferences in Greece and abroad.

Evans 30, 1st floor, Heraklion, ΚΡΗΤΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Karagianni Pinelopi is a Psychotherapist - Group Analyst and maintains her private practice in Exarchia. She successfully completed the training program of the Athens Institute of Group Analysis, which includes clinical practice in a Psychotherapeutic Community, coordination of analytic groups, participation in the Child and Family Therapy department, and supervision of therapeutic activities as required by the Hellenic Association of Psychotherapy. She has attended numerous trainings, including those on life coaching, eating disorders, adolescent psychopathology, parental counseling, LGBTQ+ counseling, and career orientation. It would be a significant omission not to mention that she holds a postgraduate degree in health unit management from the Hellenic Open University. In her private practice, she addresses a wide range of cases and specializes in Psychosomatic Symptoms, Individual, and Group Psychotherapy.

Zaimi 34, Exarcheia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Existential Psychotherapy
About the specialist
Κοινωνική Λειτουργός, Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια, εξιδίκευση στην Υπαρξιακή θεραπεία, online θεραπείες,

Πόντου 74, Ampelokipoi, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment

Ano Kavallari, Galatsi, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Mr. Eustathiou Lazaros is a Mental Health Counselor and operates his private practice in Nikaia. He holds a Level 5 BTEC Professional Diploma in Therapeutic Counselling from Pearson and is a graduate of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Promotion program at the University of West Attica. Additionally, he has received specialized training through seminars at KDBM Tsaousis on the pathology of intimate partner relationships and possesses extensive experience with cases involving substance addictions and all forms of contemporary dependency. In his private practice, he manages a wide range of cases, leveraging his many years of experience while always prioritizing the best possible service to meet the individualized needs of each client.

Mouglon 36, Nikaia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Person-Centered Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Athineli Stauroula is a mental health counselor and psychotherapist specialized in the Person-Centered approach. She is a graduate of the Department of Philosophy, Pedagogy, and Psychology at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. She has obtained the European Certificate of Psychotherapy (ECP) from the European Association for Psychotherapy (EAP), having completed a four-year training program in person-centered psychotherapy at the ICPS College of Human Sciences. Her work focuses on acceptance, empathy, and authentic dialogue. Her goal is to provide a safe environment for deeper self-awareness and personal development. Additionally, she has volunteered at a residential care facility of the non-profit urban organization IASIS, where she actively participated in the creative engagement of the residents. In the context of continuous professional development, she has attended numerous training seminars, as she is committed to staying informed about advancements in the field.

Λ. Ιωνίας, πλησίον μετρό Ηλιούπολης , Alimos, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Person-Centered Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Karagkiozoglou Katerina is a Person-Centered Mental Health Counselor, available in person in Ano Liosia and online. She offers a safe space where individuals can speak openly without fear of judgment.

She works with individuals experiencing anxiety, relationship difficulties, transitional periods, boundary issues, internal confusion, workplace challenges, as well as those wishing to enhance their self-awareness.

Her fundamental approach is that people are not "broken," but often confused and in need of space to be heard. She is moved when someone begins to recognize their needs, listen to themselves, and trust their own path.

Her therapeutic "signature" is openness: she embraces the complexity of experience without rushing to interpretations or categorizations.

With a strong sense of responsibility towards those she encounters, she remains engaged in continuous education, supervision, and personal therapy to ensure her presence is stable, clear, and professionally grounded.

She is a member of the Hellenic Counseling Society and the Hellenic Person-Centered and Experiential Society.

Ξενοφάνους 20 και Ηρακλέους, Ano Liosia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Xorianopoulou Andriani is a Mental Health Counselor - Psychotherapist with a private practice in Pangrati. She holds a degree in Sociology from Panteion University and a master's degree in Counseling and Psychotherapy from the University of East London. Additionally, she specialized in Cognitive Psychotherapy at the Kostas Stefanis Research University Institute of Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine, in collaboration with the First Psychiatric Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. She has also volunteered as a psychotherapist at the Social Protection and Solidarity Organization of the Municipality of Vrilissia and at the Parental Equality for the Child Association. Furthermore, in the context of ongoing professional development, she has attended numerous training programs, workshops, and seminars and is a member of the Hellenic Association of Cognitive Psychotherapies and the European Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Therapies.

Alkimahou 1 (Plision Metro Eyaggelismos), Pagrati, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Psychotherapy Online Body psychotherapy
About the specialist
Σωματικός Ψυχοθεραπευτής - Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας

Στρατος Βουγιουκας - Σωματικη Ψυχοθεραπεια Κοργιαλενίου 16 (πλησίον Ιατρικού Ψυχικού), Psychiko, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Η Τσουκαλά Αιμιλιάνα είναι Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια και διατηρεί ιδιωτικά γραφεία σε Νέο Ηράκλειο και Εξάρχεια. Επιπλέον, συνεργάζεται με θεραπευτικά κέντρα στη Νέα Φιλαδέλφεια. Είναι πιστοποιημένη θεραπεύτρια από τον ευρωπαϊκό σύλλογο Ψυχοθεραπείας (European Association of Psychotherapy) και μέλος της Πανελλήνιας Επαγγελματικής ένωσης Δραματοθεραπευτών και Παιγνιοθεραπευτών.'Έχει εκπαιδευτεί στην Ψυχοθεραπεία και έχει εξειδικευτεί στην Δραματοθεραπεία στο Ψυχοθεραπευτικό και Εκπαιδευτικό Κέντρο "Έρμα". Eίναι συνεργάτιδα του Κέντρου Ψυχοθεραπευτικής Υποστήριξης My creative Therapy και του ψυχοθεραπευτικού κέντρου μέσω τεχνών Γιασεμί Healing Home. Ακόμη, έχει συντονίσει ομάδες βραχείας διάρκειας, σεμινάρια με θέμα το άγχος, την τοξική ντροπή, το θυμό, ζητήματα ανασφαλούς πρωταρχικού δεσμού και σεμινάρια που συνδυάζουν τεχνικές της δραματοθεραπείας, του mindfulness και επεξεργασίας του σωματοποιημένου τραύματος με εργαλεία από τη σωματικές προσεγγίσεις θεραπείας. Λίγα λόγια για τη Δραματοθεραπεία: Η δραματοθεραπεία συγκαταλέγεται στην κατηγορία των Art Therapies. Πρόκειτα για ένα είδος ψυχοθεραπείας που χρησιμοποιεί εργαλεία όπως η αφήγηση, οι ρόλοι, η ζωγραφική, η δημιουργική γραφή, η χρήση μάσκας, ο πηλός, το παιχνίδι, η χρήση ιστοριών και παραμυθιών, κ. ά, με σκοπό να φέρει στην επιφάνεια υλικό από το ασυνείδητο του ατόμου, με το οποίο μέσα σε ένα ασφαλές πλαίσιο θεραπείας να γίνει συνειδητό και να αποτελέσει θεραπευτικό υλικό. Στην δημιουργική αυτή διαδικασία, σκοπός είναι να προκύψει η αλήθεια του ατόμου και σε καμία περίπτωση οι καλλιτεχνικές του δεξιότητες. Στη Δραματοθεραπεία το άτομο έρχεται σε επαφή με το σώμα, το συναίσθημα, τη φαντασία, το νου, κι έτσι ανασύρει υλικό προς επεξεργασία με σκοπό να βρει λύση και να δημιουργήσει νέους τρόπους αλληλεπίδρασης και συσχέτισης με τα όνειρά του και τη ζωή του. Λίγα λόγια για το Mindfulness: Mindfulness σημαίνει "ενσυνειδητότητα". Ως προσέγγιση δίνει καλλιεργεί τη δυνατότητα του να ζει κανεις στο παρόν, βιώνοντας όλα τα συναισθήματά του, με όλες του της αισθήσεις, ως το πιο πολύτιμο μέσο επαφής με τον εαυτό. Προέρχεται από τη φιλοσοφία της Υοga, σε συνάντηση με την δυτική τεκμηρίωση κι επιστημονικότητα και χρησιμοποιείται σε μεγάλο εύρος, με μεγάλη επιτυχία στη μείωση του στρες και του άγχους.

Τέλος, εξειδικεύεται στη συμβουλευτική και τη θεραπεία του πένθους και της απώλειας.

Nikitara 14, Exarcheia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Integrated Psychotherapy
About the specialist

Varelas Giorgos is a Consultant in Mental Health with a Integrative Approach and maintains a private practice in Akadimia Platonos. He studied Counselling (COSCA, Counselling & Psychotherapy in Scotland) at the Athens Synthesis Center, has completed a one-year seminar in Group Analysis at the Group Analysis Institute 'S.H.Foulkes' and is a member of the Hellenic Counselling Society. Currently, he works as a Mental Health Consultant providing individual adult sessions both in-person and online.

Γραφείο Μαραθωνομάχων 11 , Kolonos, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist
Σύμβουλος Ψυχικής Υγείας - Γνωσιακή Συμπεριφορική Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια

Remote availability

Next availability Book appointment
Ψυχοθεραπεία ΛΟΑΤΚΙ Art therapy Existential Psychotherapy Integrated Psychotherapy Body psychotherapy
About the specialist
Απώλεια, άγχος, μεταβάσεις ζωής, ζητήματα ταυτότητας, ζητήματα σχέσεων, ψυχοσωματικές προκλήσεις

Michalakopoulou 155, Ilisia, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist
Θεραπευτής Συστημικής/Οικογενειακής Προσέγγισης σε ενήλικες, ζευγάρια, γονείς και παιδιά.

ψ. Συστημική Θεραπεία Ελλανίκου 32-36, Pagrati, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Vamvaka Marina is a Mental Health Counselor and Psychotherapist who maintains a private practice in Kozani, providing compassionate and personalized care to her clients. She holds a degree in Psychotherapy and trained in Gestalt psychotherapy at the Gestalt Foundation of Thessaloniki. She is a Master Practitioner in Eating Disorders and Obesity and is a certified Mindfulness Instructor. She has attended experiential workshops at the Institute of Drama Therapy of Northern Greece and educational seminars in Gestalt psychotherapy, gaining experience in the use of valuable therapeutic tools and techniques. She is a member of HAGT (Hellenic Association for Gestalt Therapy) and EAGT (European Association for Gestalt Therapy). She has collaborated with the YWCA, providing psychological support to women, in parenting schools, with Arsis, and as a coordinator of psychological support groups, with the Cancer Patients Association of Macedonia–Thrace and Ptolemaida, and she is a collaborator of EAP Hellas. She has offered and continues to offer volunteer work related to her specialty.

Ethnomarturon 13, Kozani, ΝΟΜΟΣ ΚΟΖΑΝΗΣ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Konti Aleksia is a Systemic Existential Psychotherapist and Parent Counselor with a private practice in Corinth. She is a Social Worker with postgraduate studies in the Department of Social and Educational Policy at the University of the Peloponnese and has trained in Psychotherapy at the Therapeutic and Educational Institute of Existential Systemic Approach "Antistixi". She possesses significant experience and currently serves as Director at the Special Vocational Education Laboratory of Corinth.

Κύπρου 56, Korinthos, ΚΟΡΙΝΘΙΑ

Next availability Book appointment
About the specialist

Ioanna Psomiadi MSc is a Mental Health Consultant - Psychotherapist with private practices in Voula and Acharnes. She holds a degree in Psychology from the American College of Athens and possesses a Certification of Specialization in Cognitive Behavioral Theory & Clinical Practice from the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA). Continuing her studies, she obtained a Master's degree in Human Resource Management for large enterprises (HR) from Bolton University and completed the Group Psychotherapy program at the Athens Center for the Study of Human Behavior (AKMA), as well as the one-year One-Way Mirror Seminar: Effects of mirrors on individual human behavior program. Subsequently, through a series of seminars and clinical training, she has worked in group psychotherapy programs at various psychological support centers in Athens, where she has developed extensive experience in emotional disorders, interpersonal relationships, mood disorders, separations, management of low self-esteem, and generally psychological monitoring and support of adolescents and adults. Since 2022, she has collaborated and contributed articles as a Scientific Associate on Mental Health topics for health and wellness blogs and magazines (Vita.gr, Shape.gr, etc.). In February 2025, she was awarded by the HEALTH EAGLES for patient preference and trust as a psychotherapist. Finally, she undertakes individual therapies providing flexible sessions outside regular office hours, conducting daily appointments by telephone and via Skype for urgent issues, for individuals residing abroad, and for those with difficult and inflexible work schedules and daily obligations.

94 Vasileos Pavlou Avenue, Voula, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Integrated Psychotherapy
About the specialist
Ψυχοθεραπεύτρια, διατηρεί ιδιωτικό γραφείο στο Αιγάλεω και πραγματοποιεί online συνεδρίες

Πίνδου 30, Aigaleo, ΑΤΤΙΚΗ

Next availability Book appointment
Integrated Psychotherapy Systemic Therapy
About the specialist

Soufla Anthia is a Mental Health Counselor and a trained Psychotherapist specializing in the Integrative Systemic approach. She has completed the Higher Professional Diploma (HPD) in Counseling and Psychology at Mediterranean College (in collaboration with the University of Derby). Furthermore, she completed a one-year study program in School Psychology from the University of the Aegean. She is currently undergoing a four-year training program at the Center for Integrative Systemic Therapy of Thessaloniki, where she specializes in the Integrative Systemic Psychotherapy approach. She has worked in numerous volunteer initiatives and organizations, such as the Connect Family Day Center for Family Support, the "House of ARSIS" structure (a Social Organization for Youth Support), the NGO IASSIS Urban Non-Profit Organization, among others. She now maintains a private practice in Thessaloniki. Additionally, she has participated in numerous conferences, educational seminars, and professional development programs.

Γρηγορίου Ξενοπούλου 15, Thessaloniki, ΝΟΜΟΣ ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗΣ

Next availability Book appointment

Mental Health Counselors

The mental health counselor deals with the study of behavior, mind, and thinking.


Log in or register to continue
Log in or register to continue

Continue with

or register with your email address

The password should contain at least 6 characters and 1 capital letter
Create a new password

Enter the email you used to register in doctoranytime and we'll send you a link to create new password

Your data is in good hands
doctor-graphic doctor-graphic

doctoranytime takes your health as well as your data protection very seriously!

In order to ensure you that:

  • you will continue to get the best possible treatment from the affiliated doctors and diagnostic centers
  • you will continue to book your appointments easily and quickly by having at the same time the right of evaluation
  • we will be able to contact you immediately in case of a change in your appointment
  • you will continue to receive our newsletter and health suggestions that may interest you

it is essential for us to collect and process your personal data to the extent that you allow.

For this reason, we would like to inform you that we take all the necessary measures in order to protect your personal data, according to the New European General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), the terms of the doctoranytime Privacy Policy (that you can read in detail here) and the law requirements.

If you have any questions regarding your privacy protection by doctoranytime or in case you wish to exercise your GDPR rights (information, access, correction, deletion, limitation of processing, portability of your data, objection and right to lodge a complaint with the Personal Data Protection Authority) you can contact the Data Protection Officer of doctoranytime on: [email protected].

Terms of Use

Congratulations!!

Your registration has completed.

Make a Video Consultation with a healthcare practitioner

Book your Video Consultation in 3 clicks and see your practitioner from your mobile, tablet or pc.

home
Consult your practitioner from the comfort of your home
time
Get an appointment immediately
data
Secure your personal data

You only have to select the option book an appointment for a Video Consultation.

BOOK AN APPOINTMENT
Unfortunately, no specialists are available now...
 doctor

Share your email and we will contact you if a practitioner is available for an instant consultation.

Your email has been submitted successfully

We will notify you by email if a practitioner becomes available. Meanwhile, feel free to search for other specialists available today or in the coming days.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
mental health

What it is

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapy applied to problems such as depression, anxiety disorders, abuse, relationship and marriage problems, eating disorders and serious mental illness.The therapist emphasizes what is happening in the current life rather than the past and what led to the difficulties.

Approach

Identifying the distortions in a person's thinking that are causing problems and then examining these in the light of reality. Understanding the behaviour and motivations of others and using problem-solving skills to deal with difficult situations. Dealing with fears rather than avoiding them. Role-playing to better prepare for potentially problematic interactions with others. You become your own self-therapist.

How it could benefit you

Helps the individual to change dysfunctional thought patterns and behaviors. Improves your functioning and quality of life by helping to change patterns and behaviours. Teaches you to be your own self-therapist.

Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT)
mental health

What it is

It is a form of psychotherapy that teaches a person to identify negative thought patterns and change them. DBT reinforces the acceptance that all your thoughts are valid, as they are part of your life experiences and who you are. The person acts by doing the best they can for the moment. It is used for people with suicidal behavior, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use disorder, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, ADHD, depression, anxiety.

Approach

DBT focuses on acceptance and change. It helps the person to get to know themselves better, to think about why they do what they do, without judgment. Replacing a negative behavior or habit with ones that can improve the quality of life. Dialectic is the idea that two different things can be true at the same time. At the same time as accepting yourself exactly as you are, comes the recognition of your effort to change.

How it could benefit you

It helps you make positive changes in the way you act. It identifies your negative thought patterns and changes them, helping to make positive changes in the way you act. Teaches you ways to manage intense emotions and stressful thoughts when they occur.

Humanistic psychotherapy
mental health

What it is

Humanistic therapy is a form of psychotherapy in which self-awareness and self-acceptance are considered the keys to personal growth. It emphasizes creativity, collaboration and interaction between the individual and the therapist, using techniques such as role-play.

Approach

Each person is a combination of mind, emotions, body and soul with unique experiences and events. No single life event, personality trait or psychological diagnosis defines you.

How it could benefit you

It improves self-awareness and self-confidence, helps you understand how your past affects your present, how to deal effectively with stressful situations, improves human relationships and helps you better manage your emotions.

Psychodynamic psychotherapy
mental health

What it is

Psychodynamic psychotherapy is talk therapy that aims to understand current thoughts and feelings through the behaviours shaped by past experiences and the past. Understanding the past can help you avoid repeating unhelpful patterns that have existed in it and facilitate your quality of life alongside relief from distressing symptoms. It is used in depression, anxiety, interpersonal problems, addictions, trauma, eating disorders, personality disorder.

Approach

Psychodynamic psychotherapy provides a space to explore and understand how unhelpful patterns from the past may be influencing our current difficulties. Defence mechanisms are explored and how our feelings and behaviours in the present are shaped by our past experiences.

How it could benefit you

It helps people to live a healthier life. There may be things in a person's unconscious that they are not aware of that cause them pain or keep them stuck in the past. Identifying these and understanding them can lead you to move forward.

Systemic psychotherapy
mental health

What it is

Systemic psychotherapy is an approach about how the individual acts as part of a wider group or broader system of relationships: family, partner relationship, work, friendships, and social environment. This approach connects communication and interaction patterns with a problem or a difficulty that the individual may be experiencing.

Approach

Systemic psychotherapy identifies behavioral patterns within a persons’ relationships and in the way someone connects with others. It helps the individual understand themselves more effectively, along with their roles and communication style and supports them in developing more functional ways of thinking and communicating within their system.

How it could benefit you

It helps improve understanding of relationship and family dynamics. It can change dysfunctional communication and behavior patterns within the system, strengthen empathy, support the development of stronger relationships and help with managing conflicts and difficulties.

Filters
  • DO+ exclusive
  • Availability
  • Expertise
  • Services
  • Experience
  • Payment methods
  • Additional filters
  • Languages
  • Insurances
  • Gender
  • Theoretical Approaches
  • Therapeutic Techniques